脂质体
微流控
微通道
挤压
小泡
体积流量
流动聚焦
材料科学
化学
超声
膜
粒径
膜乳化
水溶液
动态光散射
层流
纳米技术
色谱法
纳米颗粒
有机化学
复合材料
机械
物理化学
物理
生物化学
作者
Α. Jahn,Wyatt N. Vreeland,Don L. DeVoe,Laurie E. Locascio,Michael Gaitan
出处
期刊:Langmuir
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2007-04-24
卷期号:23 (11): 6289-6293
被引量:365
摘要
A new method to tailor liposome size and size distribution in a microfluidic format is presented. Liposomes are spherical structures formed from lipid bilayers that are from tens of nanometers to several micrometers in diameter. Liposome size and size distribution are tailored for a particular application and are inherently important for in vivo applications such as drug delivery and transfection across nuclear membranes in gene therapy. Traditional laboratory methods for liposome preparation require postprocessing steps, such as sonication or membrane extrusion, to yield formulations of appropriate size. Here we describe a method to engineer liposomes of a particular size and size distribution by changing the flow conditions in a microfluidic channel, obviating the need for postprocessing. A stream of lipids dissolved in alcohol is hydrodynamically focused between two sheathed aqueous streams in a microfluidic channel. The laminar flow in the microchannel enables controlled diffusive mixing at the two liquid interfaces where the lipids self-assemble into vesicles. The liposomes formed by this self-assembly process are characterized using asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation combined with quasi-elastic light scattering and multiangle laser-light scattering. We observe that the vesicle size and size distribution are tunable over a mean diameter from 50 to 150 nm by adjusting the ratio of the alcohol-to-aqueous volumetric flow rate. We also observe that liposome formation depends more strongly on the focused alcohol stream width and its diffusive mixing with the aqueous stream than on the sheer forces at the solvent-buffer interface.
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