Research progress of proliferative vitreoretinopathy

The basic pathological process of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the proliferation and contraction of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and glial cells in vitreous cavity. Its pathogenesis is related to a variety of retinal cells and cytokines, but it has not yet been fully clarified. Surgical intervention is still the most important treatment at present. The purposes of the operation include repairing retinal holes, relieving traction, stabilizing the structure of the retina and reducing the risk of recurrence. However, surgery cannot prevent the proliferation and development of cells. Therefore, surgery combined with intraocular adjunctive drugs (corticosteroids, antimetabolic drugs, etc.) is recommended at present. However, the safety and efficacy of intraocular adjuvant therapy for PVR still need to be further proved.(Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2019, 43: 138-143) Key words: proliferative vitreoretinopathy; retinal pigment epithelium; risk factor; cytokine