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Parkinson’s Disease Subtypes Show Distinct Tradeoffs Between Response Initiation and Inhibition Latencies

停车信号机 刺激(心理学) 医学 神经科学 物理医学与康复 反应抑制 疾病 延迟(音频) 听力学 心理学 内科学 认知 认知心理学 计算机科学 电信
作者
Christopher Tolleson,Maxim Turchan,Nelleke van Wouwe,David A. Isaacs,Fenna T. Phibbs,Scott A. Wylie
出处
期刊:Journal of The International Neuropsychological Society [Cambridge University Press]
卷期号:23 (8): 665-674 被引量:7
标识
DOI:10.1017/s1355617717000467
摘要

In unpredictable situations, individuals often show tradeoffs between response initiation and inhibition speeds. We tested the hypothesis that Parkinson's disease (PD) motor subtypes differentially impact tradeoffs between these two action-oriented processes. We predicted that, compared to tremor dominant (TD) patients, predominant postural instability and gait dysfunction (PIGD) patients would show exacerbated tradeoffs between response initiation and inhibition in situations requiring the sudden potential need to interrupt an action.Fifty-one PD patients (subdivided into PIGD [n=27] and TD [n=24]) and 21 healthy controls (HCs) completed a choice reaction task to establish baseline response initiation speed between groups. Subsequently, participants completed a stop-signal task which introduced an occasional, unpredictable stop stimulus. We measured changes in initiation speed in preparation of an unpredictable stop (i.e., proactive slowing) and inhibition latency (i.e., stop-signal reaction time).Compared to HCs, PD patients showed slower response initiation speeds in the choice reaction task. All groups showed proactive slowing in the stop-signal task but the magnitude was considerably larger in PIGD patients, almost twice as large as TD patients. PD patients, irrespective of motor subtype, showed longer inhibition latencies than HCs.PIGD and TD subtypes both showed exacerbated response inhibition deficits. However, PIGD patients showed much more pronounced proactive slowing in situations with an expected yet unpredictable need to stop action abruptly. This suggests that PIGD is accompanied by exaggerated tradeoffs between response initiation and inhibition processes to meet situational action demands. We discuss putative neural mechanisms and clinical implications of these findings. (JINS, 2017, 23, 665-674).
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