小胶质细胞
髓鞘
脂褐素
间隙
免疫系统
碎片(计算)
化学
溶酶体
衰老
老化
神经科学
中枢神经系统
生物
细胞生物学
炎症
医学
免疫学
生物化学
酶
泌尿科
遗传学
生态学
作者
Shima Safaiyan,Nirmal Kannaiyan,Nicolas Snaidero,Simone Brioschi,Knut Biber,Simon Yona,Aimee L. Edinger,Steffen Jung,Moritz J. Rossner,Mikael Simons
摘要
Safaiyan et al. demonstrate that myelin fragments progressively pinch off from aged myelin sheaths and are taken up and cleared by microglia. Age-associated myelin breakdown is substantial and saturates the degradative capacities of microglia, leading to lysosomal storage and an immune activation in microglia with time. Myelin is synthesized as a multilamellar membrane, but the mechanisms of membrane turnover are unknown. We found that myelin pieces were gradually released from aging myelin sheaths and were subsequently cleared by microglia. Myelin fragmentation increased with age and led to the formation of insoluble, lipofuscin-like lysosomal inclusions in microglia. Thus, age-related myelin fragmentation is substantial, leading to lysosomal storage and contributing to microglial senescence and immune dysfunction in aging.
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