肌成纤维细胞
细胞外基质
真皮
成纤维细胞
皮肤修复
纤维化
细胞生物学
伤口愈合
基质(化学分析)
炎症
真皮成纤维细胞
病理
化学
免疫学
医学
生物
体外
生物化学
色谱法
作者
Mayur Sawant,Boris Hinz,Katrin Schönborn,Isabel Zeinert,Beate Eckes,Wei Wang,Ronen Schuster
摘要
Our skin is continuously exposed to mechanical challenge, including shear, stretch, and compression. The extracellular matrix of the dermis is perfectly suited to resist these challenges and maintain integrity of normal skin even upon large strains. Fibroblasts are the key cells that interpret mechanical and chemical cues in their environment to turnover matrix and maintain homeostasis in the skin of healthy adults. Upon tissue injury, fibroblasts and an exclusive selection of other cells become activated into myofibroblasts with the task to restore skin integrity by forming structurally imperfect but mechanically stable scar tissue. Failure of myofibroblasts to terminate their actions after successful repair or upon chronic inflammation results in dysregulated myofibroblast activities which can lead to hypertrophic scarring and/or skin fibrosis. After providing an overview on the major fibrillar matrix components in normal skin, we will interrogate the various origins of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the skin. We then examine the role of the matrix as signaling hub and how fibroblasts respond to mechanical matrix cues to restore order in the confusing environment of a healing wound.
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