钌
纳米晶材料
轨道能级差
光化学
色素敏化染料
化学
激发态
太阳能电池
能量转换效率
超快激光光谱学
电子转移
材料科学
光谱学
物理化学
分子
光电子学
结晶学
有机化学
电极
电解质
量子力学
物理
催化作用
核物理学
作者
Ashraful Islam,Hideki Sugihara,Hironori Arakawa
标识
DOI:10.1016/s1010-6030(03)00027-3
摘要
Transition metal complexes using polypyridine ligands are finding increasing use in the dye sensitized solar cells. To improve further the efficiency of this cell, an enhanced spectral response of the sensitizer in the lower energies is required. In this paper we review our effort in the molecular design of the ruthenium polypyridyl complexes for nanocrystalline TiO2-based solar cells. The poor cell efficiency in Ru(4,4′-dicarboxy-2,2′-biquinoline)2(NCS)2/TiO2 system may be ascribed to the low excited-state oxidation potential, which plays a crucial role in the electron-transfer process. Ru(2-(2-(4-carboxypyridyl))-4-carboxyquinoline)2(NCS)2, when anchored to nanocrystalline TiO2 films, achieves efficient sensitization over the whole visible range extending up to 900 nm, yielding incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of 55%. The low cell efficiency of Ru(4-4′-dicarboxy-2,2′-bypyridine)2(ethyl-2-cyano-3,3-dimercaptoacrylate) may be due to slow regeneration of the dye by electron donation from iodide following charge injection into the TiO2. Tuning of HOMO and LUMO energy level show that an efficient sensitizer should possess ground-state and excited-state redox potentials of 0.5 and −0.8 V vs. SCE, respectively. Transient absorption studies of Ru phenanthroline complexes show that the efficiency of electron injection is strongly affected by the number of carboxyl groups of the sensitizing dye. The β-diketonate complex [Ru(4-4′-dicarboxy-2,2′-bypyridine)2(acetylacetonato)]Cl, when anchored to nanocrystalline TiO2 films, achieves very efficient sensitization across the entire visible region, yielding 60% IPCE. A new series of panchromatic sensitizers of Ru(tricarboxyterpyridine)(β-diketonato)(NCS) type have been developed. Ru(4,4′,4″-tricarboxy-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine)(1,1,1-trifluoropentane-2,4-dionato)(NCS) achieved an efficient sensitization of nanocrystalline TiO2 solar cells over the whole visible range extending into near IR region and displaying a maximum around 600 nm, where IPCE approaches a high value of 70%.
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