Research progresses in preparation methods and applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are among the materials that have been consistently developed in the field of nanomaterials in recent years, and have become essential in the field of materials science and engineering, due to their outstanding chemical stability, wide band gap, and high exciton binding energy. However, currently available preparation methods face challenges in efficient tuning of the morphology and microstructure of the target product and in realization of facile large-scale production. Scientists still struggle with accurately controlling the targeted morphology and microstructure, achieving large-scale production, and surface modification of organic functions. Ultimately, this review will encourage more research on ZnO-NPs and promote their practical applications in materials science and engineering.