黄斑变性
病理生理学
炎症体
医学
促炎细胞因子
趋化因子
免疫系统
细胞因子
免疫学
疾病
生物信息学
神经科学
炎症
病理
生物
眼科
作者
Lukas Schloesser,Sara M. Klose,Matthias M. Mauschitz,Zeinab Abdullah,Robert P. Finger
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.07.009
摘要
We provide an overview of the expanding literature on the role of cytokines and immune mediators in pathophysiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Although many immunological mediators have been linked to AMD pathophysiology, the broader mechanistic picture remains unclear with substantial variations in the levels of evidence supporting these mediators. Therefore, we reviewed the literature considering the varying levels of supporting evidence. A Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) term-based literature research was conducted in September, 2023, consisting of the MeSH terms "cytokine" and "Age-related macular degeneration" connected by the operator "AND". After screening the publications by title, abstract, and full text, a total of 146 publications were included. The proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β (especially in basic research studies), IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, TNF-α, and MCP-1 are the most extensively characterised cytokines/chemokines, highlighting the role of local inflammasome activation and altered macrophage function in the AMD pathophysiology. Among the antiinflammatory mediators IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β were found to be the most extensively characterised, with IL-4 driving and IL-10 and TGF-β suppressing disease progression. Despite the extensive literature on this topic, a profound understanding of AMD pathophysiology has not yet been achieved. Therefore, further studies are needed identifying potential therapeutic targets, followed by clinical studies
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