Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Abutilon Indicum and Tectona Grandis leaf extracts for evaluation of anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and in-vitro cytotoxicity activities

In this work, we synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles via green synthesis route using the medically effective leaf extract of Tectona Grandis, Abutilon Indicium . The structure, surface morphology, particle size and elemental composition of the synthesized nanoparticles were investigated through powder X-ray diffractometer (PXRD), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-Ray analysis spectroscopy (EDAX), Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). PXRD pattern confirmed the successful formation of wurtzite ZnO nanoparticles with an average crystalline size of 17 nm and 22 nm for Tectona Grandis and Abutilon Indicum mediated ZnO nanoparticles respectively. The optical studies showed that the strong absorption bands in the UV region of 350 nm and the band gap values are found to be 3.0 eV and 3.1 eV. XPS analyzed the surface of the nanoparticles and revealed the binding energy of both ZnO nanoparticles. The Bio-medical activities such as anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic analysis of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were examined by Bovine albumin serum (BSA) denaturation and α-amylase inhibition techniques. The highest inhibition percentage of 95.42% and 94.82% are obtained against α-amylase and bovine serum albumin respectively. Furthermore, the in-vitro cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles by MTT assay revealed the decreased cell viability of MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. It is therefore speculated that the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles is envisaged as a proficient material for bio-medical applications.