Kinetic Profiling of Oxidoreductase-Mimicking Nanozymes: Impact of Multiple Activities, Chemical Transformations, and Colloidal Stability

In contrast to homogeneous enzyme catalysis, nanozymes are nanosized heterogeneous catalysts that perform reactions on a rigid surface. This fundamental difference between enzymes and nanozymes is often overlooked in kinetic studies and practical applications. In this article, using 14 nanozymes of various compositions (core@shell, metal-organic frameworks, metal, and metal oxide nanoparticles), we systematically demonstrate that nontypical features of nanozymes, such as multiple catalytic activities, chemical transformations, and aggregation, need to be considered in nanozyme catalysis. Ignoring these features results in the inaccurate quantification of catalytic activity. Neglecting the multiple activities led to a six-time underestimation of Mn