Inhibitors of Stimulator of Interferon Genes from 2019 to July 2022: An Overview of the Structure and Bioactivity

Abstract: Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays a vital role in the human innate immune system. Aberrant expression of STING has been proven to be associated with several diseases, such as STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy, Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome, and system-ic lupus erythematosus. Therefore, inhibition of the STING signaling pathway can also be expected to provide effective therapeutic strategies for treating specific inflammatory and autoimmune dis-eases. However, the development of STING inhibitors is still in its infancy. There is still a need for additional efforts toward the discovery of new skeletons and more potent lead compounds for STING inhibition to meet clinical demand. In this review, we provide a summary of STING inhibi-tors, classified by different structural skeletons, reported in patents published from 2019 to July 2022. In addition, we also focus on the STING inhibitors, representative structures, biological activ-ity, and mechanisms of action.