Advances in surface plasmon resonance biosensors for medical diagnostics: An overview of recent developments and techniques

Over the last two decades, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors have advanced significantly, becoming an important tool in disciplines such as biosensing, chemical sensing, and material characterization. SPR has gained popularity in biosensing because of its great sensitivity and specificity in detecting biomolecular interactions. This review provides an overview of the recent developments of the SPR biosensor technology and its applications in medical diagnostics. To provide an up-to-date overview of the area, the review includes the most recent works from the last decade. Furthermore, it explores various configurations (prism, grating, fiber optic, waveguide modulated) and wave properties (angle, wavelength, phase) being tracked for sensing together with strategies for enhancing sensitivity and selectivity through mechanisms such as surface coatings, sensing mediums, and immobilization techniques.