Effect of blending ratio on morphological, chemical, and thermal characteristics of PLA/PCL and PLLA/PCL electrospun fibrous webs

Scaffolding structures made of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers are employed in tissue engineering applications to allow cells to perform the activities required to generate new tissue. However, the morphological, chemical, and thermal compatibility of these surfaces with the target tissue should be investigated before cell transplantation. Polymers like polylactic acid (PLA), poly (L-lactide) (PLLA), and polycaprolactone (PCL), which are synthetic biomaterials with high biocompatibility and adjustable biodegradability, have piqued the interest of tissue engineering researchers for years. In the study, electrospun fibrous surfaces with various ratios of PLA/PCL and PLLA/PCL blends (100/0, 10/90, 20/80, 30/70, 40/60, 50/50, and 0/100) are produced. The morphological, chemical, and thermal properties of the suggested surfaces are examined. Although smooth fiber formation is not detected on some surfaces, fibrous surfaces with fiber diameters of 0.962–1.733 µm and porosities of 19.83–29.54% have been observed. Chemical analyses, on the other hand, reveal no solvent residue on surfaces produced with organic solvent systems, indicating that the harmful effect of solvent systems has been eradicated from the fiber surface. Thermal analyses also provide information regarding the crystallinity of surfaces, which will assist future biodegradability research. According to the thermal analysis, the PLA/PCL and PLLA/PCL blend ratios have a significant impact on the surface crystallinity.