氧化还原
水溶液
电化学
亲核细胞
分子
组合化学
电泳剂
叠氮
材料科学
溴化物
光化学
有机化学
化学
电极
物理化学
催化作用
作者
Mengqi Zhang,Tianyu Li,Xianghui Liu,Changkun Zhang,Xianfeng Li
标识
DOI:10.1002/adfm.202312608
摘要
Abstract Soluble organic molecules with diverse and highly tunable structures are receiving more and more attention as redox‐active materials for aqueous organic flow batteries (AOFBs). However, the undesirable parasitic reactions of redox‐active molecules restrict their practical application. Herein, a general molecular stabilization strategy is proposed by introducing amino groups on 3,7‐positions of polycyclic azine derivatives (phenothiazine and phenoxazine compounds) to effectively enhance the redox activity and electrochemical stability of molecules. The theoretical calculation and a series of electrochemical analyses revealed that the 3,7‐substituted amino groups serving as the redox active sites can stabilize the intermediate radicals by delocalizing the electron density in the acidic solution, preventing nucleophilic/electrophilic attack. As a result, the designed 3,7‐bis‐((2‐hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)phenothiazin‐5‐ium bromide not only achieved the remarkable electrochemical cycling performance in the flow cell with an ultra‐low‐capacity fade rate of 0.00029% per cycle for 18000 cycles (62 days) and but also delivered a stable high capacity of 47 Ah L −1 (with capacity fade 0.0056% per cycle, 0.077% per day) under ambient condition. Such finding undoubtedly provides a guidance to design stable redox‐active molecules for AOFBs.
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