气凝胶
材料科学
纳米孔
固化(化学)
六亚甲基四胺
收缩率
复合材料
化学工程
微观结构
比表面积
催化作用
纳米技术
有机化学
化学
工程类
作者
Yijun Zhang,Chengfan Yuan,Jie Ding,Yingluo Zhuang,Yan Li,Cunku Wang,Huang Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1515/rams-2022-0262
摘要
Abstract The large-scale application of phenolic aerogel is limited by its complex and lengthy production process as well as its expensive cost. Herein a simultaneous drying-curing method for phenolic aerogels was designed based on the sol–gel process, and a series of phenolic aerogels with different hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) contents were prepared. The material parameters such as microstructure, pore structure, mechanical properties, shrinkage, and density of the aerogel were characterized. The results show that compared with the conventional full-sealing method, the simultaneous drying-curing method shortens the preparation time of aerogels by nearly half and improves the safety of the preparation process. The prepared phenolic aerogels still maintain the nanoporous microscopic morphology. When the HMTA content is 1/6 of the phenolic mass, the linear shrinkage rates of the aerogels prepared by this method and the conventional full-sealing method are 9.8 and 9.4%, respectively. The densities are 0.25 and 0.22 g·cm −3 , and the BET specific surface areas are 54.42 and 54.31 m 2 ·g −1 , and the compressive yield strengths are 1.76 and 1.16 MPa. At the same time, the thermal conductivity of the phenolic aerogels prepared by the simultaneous drying-curing method is less than 0.06 W·(m·K) –1 at room temperature. These results indicate that the properties of the aerogels prepared by the simultaneous drying-curing method are close to those prepared by the conventional method, which proves that this method has guiding significance for the large-scale, low-cost, and rapid production of nanoporous phenolic aerogels.
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