Through the complete delignification and densification process of bamboo, a 3D network bulk was assembled to process a high-performance and inexpensive cooling structural material. We constructed a cooling bamboo with a mechanical strength of 270.1 MPa as a structural material with more than 9.5 times the volume of pure bamboo fiber, and it has higher specific strength than most structural materials. Cellulose acts as a photonic solar reflector and thermal emitter, enabling the material to achieve 24 h continuous cooling with an average daytime and nighttime cooling of 3 and 2 °C, respectively. At the same time, it also has excellent flame-retardant and anti-fungal functions, and undoubtedly, it is a potential building structure material in the future.