A metal–organic framework modulated to site-isolate Cl˙ pendants via radical inter-conversion for degrading hard-to-ionize aqueous organic wastes

UiO-66 is modulated to bear Zr 4+ /–OH to form ˙OH via H 2 O 2 homolysis and Cl − pendants to form Cl˙ analogues (Cl˙ SUP ) via ˙OH-mediated radicalization. Cl˙ SUP enhances the activity/selectivity/reusability over ˙OH/SO 4 ˙ − SUP /NO 3 ˙ SUP in degrading aromatics.