Failure to Achieve Textbook Outcomes: Stratifying Risk Among Patients Undergoing Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma A Multicenter Score Validation Study

The concept of textbook outcomes (TOs) has gained increased attention as a critical metric to assess the quality and success of outcomes following complex surgery. A simple yet effective scoring system was developed and validated to predict risk of not achieving textbook outcomes (non-TOs) following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).