脉络丛
血脑屏障
炎症
医学
病毒学
2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)
病理
免疫学
中枢神经系统
内科学
疾病
传染病(医学专业)
作者
Haowen Qiao,Xiangxue Deng,Linhui Qiu,Yue Qu,Yuanpu Chiu,Feixiang Chen,Shangzhou Xia,Cheyene Muenzel,Tenghuan Ge,Zixin Zhang,Pengfei Song,Alexandre Bonnin,Zhen Zhao,Weiming Yuan
摘要
The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to more than 700 million confirmed cases and nearly 7 million deaths. Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus mainly infects the respiratory system, neurological complications are widely reported in both acute infection and long-COVID cases. Despite the success of vaccines and antiviral treatments, neuroinvasiveness of SARS-CoV-2 remains an important question, which is also centered on the mystery of whether the virus is capable of breaching the barriers into the central nervous system. By studying the K18-hACE2 infection model, we observed clear evidence of microvascular damage and breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Mechanistically, SARS-CoV-2 infection caused pericyte damage, tight junction loss, endothelial activation and vascular inflammation, which together drive microvascular injury and BBB impairment. In addition, the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier at the choroid plexus was also impaired after infection. Therefore, cerebrovascular and choroid plexus dysfunctions are important aspects of COVID-19 and may contribute to neurological complications both acutely and in long COVID.
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