Disrupted BMP-9 Signaling Impairs Pulmonary Vascular Integrity in Hepatopulmonary Syndrome

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a severe complication of liver diseases characterized by abnormal dilation of pulmonary vessels, resulting in impaired oxygenation. Recent research highlights the pivotal role of liver-produced BMP-9 (bone morphogenetic protein-9) in maintaining pulmonary vascular integrity.