Long-Term Impact of Preterm Birth

Preterm birth severely disrupts the normal developmental maturation of organ systems, resulting in lasting adverse effects. High blood pressure, cardiac dysfunction, obstructive lung disease , elevated blood glucose, and mental health problems occur earlier and at higher rates in the preterm-born than in the term populations. Disadvantageous health conditions may have a significant impact on the well-being of preterm-born individuals from childhood through adulthood. This review summarizes the impact of preterm birth on neurodevelopment and on cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, and pulmonary health.