滑膜
滑液
T细胞
外周血单个核细胞
类风湿性关节炎
关节炎
医学
流式细胞术
免疫学
免疫系统
化学
骨关节炎
体外
病理
生物化学
替代医学
作者
Amalia Raptopoulou,George Βertsias,Dimitrios Makrygiannakis,P Verginis,Iraklis Kritikos,Maria Tzardi,Lars Klareskog,Anca I. Catrina,Prodromos Sidiropoulos,Dimitrios T. Boumpas
摘要
Abstract Objective T cells play a major role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The programmed death 1 (PD‐1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PDL‐1) pathway is involved in peripheral tolerance through inhibition of T cells at the level of synovial tissue. The aim of this study was to examine the role of PD‐1/PDL‐1 in the regulation of human and murine RA. Methods In synovial tissue and synovial fluid (SF) mononuclear cells from patients with RA, expression of PD‐1/PDL‐1 was examined by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, while PD‐1 function was assessed in RA peripheral blood (PB) T cells after stimulation of the cells with anti‐CD3 and PDL‐1.Fc to crosslink PD‐1. Collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) was induced in PD‐1 −/− C57BL/6 mice, and recombinant PDL‐1.Fc was injected intraperitoneally to activate PD‐1 in vivo. Results RA synovium and RA SF were enriched with PD‐1+ T cells (mean ± SEM 24 ± 5% versus 4 ± 1% in osteoarthritis samples; P = 0.003) and enriched with PDL‐1+ monocyte/macrophages. PD‐1 crosslinking inhibited both T cell proliferation and production of interferon‐γ (IFNγ) in RA patients; PB T cells incubated with RA SF, as well as SF T cells from patients with active RA, exhibited reduced PD‐1–mediated inhibition of T cell proliferation at suboptimal, but not optimal, concentrations of PDL‐1.Fc. PD‐1 −/− mice demonstrated increased incidence of CIA (73% versus 36% in wild‐type mice; P < 0.05) and greater severity of CIA (mean maximum arthritis score 5.0 versus 2.3 in wild‐type mice; P = 0.040), and this was associated with enhanced T cell proliferation and increased production of cytokines (IFNγ and interleukin‐17) in response to type II collagen. PDL‐1.Fc treatment ameliorated the severity of CIA and reduced T cell responses. Conclusion The negative costimulatory PD‐1/PDL‐1 pathway regulates peripheral T cell responses in both human and murine RA. PD‐1/PDL‐1 in rheumatoid synovium may represent an additional target for immunomodulatory therapy in RA.
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