材料科学
成核
阳极
锌
电镀
电偶阳极
枝晶(数学)
平面的
电化学
电极
化学工程
纳米技术
冶金
阴极保护
化学
几何学
数学
计算机图形学(图像)
有机化学
物理化学
图层(电子)
工程类
计算机科学
作者
Shengda D. Pu,Gong Chen,Yuanbo T. Tang,Ziyang Ning,Junliang Liu,Shengming Zhang,Yi Yuan,Dominic L. R. Melvin,Sixie Yang,Liquan Pi,John‐Joseph Marie,Bingkun Hu,Max Jenkins,Zixuan Li,Boyang Liu,Shik Chi Edman Tsang,T.J. Marrow,Roger C. Reed,Xiangwen Gao,Peter G. Bruce,Alex W. Robertson
标识
DOI:10.1002/adma.202202552
摘要
Despite being one of the most promising candidates for grid-level energy storage, practical aqueous zinc batteries are limited by dendrite formation, which leads to significantly compromised safety and cycling performance. In this study, by using single-crystal Zn-metal anodes, reversible electrodeposition of planar Zn with a high capacity of 8 mAh cm-2 can be achieved at an unprecedentedly high current density of 200 mA cm-2 . This dendrite-free electrode is well maintained even after prolonged cycling (>1200 cycles at 50 mA cm-2 ). Such excellent electrochemical performance is due to single-crystal Zn suppressing the major sources of defect generation during electroplating and heavily favoring planar deposition morphologies. As so few defect sites form, including those that would normally be found along grain boundaries or to accommodate lattice mismatch, there is little opportunity for dendritic structures to nucleate, even under extreme plating rates. This scarcity of defects is in part due to perfect atomic-stitching between merging Zn islands, ensuring no defective shallow-angle grain boundaries are formed and thus removing a significant source of non-planar Zn nucleation. It is demonstrated that an ideal high-rate Zn anode should offer perfect lattice matching as this facilitates planar epitaxial Zn growth and minimizes the formation of any defective regions.
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