Sulfonyl passivation through synergistic hydrogen bonding and coordination interactions for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Featuring sulfonyl, an organic small molecule, 3-ethylbenzo[ d ]isothiazole 1,1-dioxide (PSAD), is introduced to effectively passivate defects in perovskite films via hydrogen bonding and coordination bonding interactions, affording devices with higher efficiency and better operational stability.