Regulated Exogenous/Endogenous Inflammation via “Inner‐Outer” Medicated Electrospun Fibers for Promoting Tissue Reconstruction

Abstract Regenerative medicine aims to provide solutions for structural and functional recovery in conditions where organs suffer from varying degrees of diseases or injuries. However, the exogenous inflammation triggered by implanted biomaterials and endogenous inflammation caused by some disease or tissue destruction has not been solved properly yet. Herein, a functional “inner‐outer” medicated core–shell electrospun fibrous membrane is fabricated with RGD surface modification for exogenous inflammation suppression and puerarin loading in the core for long‐term endogenous inflammation inhibition through microsol electrospinning technique. The “outer” RGD significantly increases biocompatibility of fibrous membrane through promoting cell viability, adhesion, and proliferation while the “inner” puerarin suppresses inflammatory gene expression via sustained drug release in vitro. Moreover, in a rat abdominal wall hernia model, the functional fibrous membrane successfully reduces exogenous and endogenous inflammation response and promotes wound healing through collagen deposition, smooth muscle formation, and vascularization. In summary, the functional “inner‐outer” medicated fibrous membrane holds a great potential for clinical treatment of diseases that needs tissue reconstruction structurally and functionally accompanied by immunoregulation.