磁强计
旋转
钻石
物理
磁场
灵敏度(控制系统)
自由感应衰变
笛卡尔坐标系
材料科学
光学
凝聚态物理
电子工程
磁共振成像
自旋回波
医学
几何学
数学
量子力学
工程类
复合材料
放射科
作者
Jennifer Schloss,John F. Barry,Matthew Turner,Ronald L. Walsworth
出处
期刊:Physical review applied
[American Physical Society]
日期:2018-09-21
卷期号:10 (3)
被引量:61
标识
DOI:10.1103/physrevapplied.10.034044
摘要
We demonstrate a vector magnetometer that simultaneously measures all Cartesian components of a dynamic magnetic field using an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in a single-crystal diamond. Optical NV-diamond measurements provide high-sensitivity, broadband magnetometry under ambient or extreme physical conditions; and the fixed crystallographic axes inherent to this solid-state system enable vector sensing free from heading errors. In the present device, multi-channel lock-in detection extracts the magnetic-field-dependent spin resonance shifts of NVs oriented along all four tetrahedral diamond axes from the optical signal measured on a single detector. The sensor operates from near DC up to a $12.5$ kHz measurement bandwidth; and simultaneously achieves $\sim\!50$ pT/$\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ magnetic field sensitivity for each Cartesian component, which is to date the highest demonstrated sensitivity of a full vector magnetometer employing solid-state spins. Compared to optimized devices interrogating the four NV orientations sequentially, the simultaneous vector magnetometer enables a $4\times$ measurement speedup. This technique can be extended to pulsed-type sensing protocols and parallel wide-field magnetic imaging.
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