Meta-analysis Research on the Trend of Parent Education Program and Self-system Competency Enhancement

The objective of this study was to provide empirical basic data on developing and implementing parent education programs. This study analyzed the trend of parent education programs according to operating methods and goals, and then analyzed the effects of those programs on self-system competency enhancement. Data for analysis were collected with systematic literature review and by the definition of PICOS, ultimately selected 147 articles for trend analysis and 57 articles for effect size meta-analysis. Data coding and analysis were used Excel program to obtain the frequency and percentage, and the R-meta program was used for effect size, 95% confidence level, meta-ANOVA and meta-regression. Funnel plot and trim and fill technique were used to verify the validity of the results. The results were as follows. First, early childhood parent group was highest in the participation groups. And the highest percentile number of session was 6-10 times. Second, parent education programs included most parents parenting competency enhancement as their goals. The goalsSelf-system competency enhancement were used most for parents of young children, followed by parents of children and parents of adolescents. Third, the overall effect sizes of parent education programs were 1.85(SMD) for positive variables and 1.59(SMD) for negative variables, indicating big effect sizes. Fourth, the effect of positive variables of the program was biggest when the subjects were prospective parents, when there were at least 50 subjects, when there were 11-15 sessions, and when each session was run for around 60 minutes. Fifth, self-system competency enhancement in the parent education programs was most effective in the variables related to values and attitudes. Based on these results, this study discussed and proposed planning and operation of parent education programs.