Effective Infiltration of Gel Polymer Electrolyte into Silicon-Coated Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofibers as Anodes for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries

材料科学 阳极 电解质 聚合物 化学工程 纳米纤维 锂(药物) 离子 碳纤维 碳纳米纤维 固态 纳米技术 复合材料 电极 碳纳米管 复合数 有机化学 工程物理 内分泌学 物理化学 工程类 化学 冶金 医学
作者
Gaind P. Pandey,Steven A. Klankowski,Yonghui Li,Xiuzhi Susan Sun,Judy Wu,Ronald A. Rojeski,Jun Li
出处
期刊:ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:7 (37): 20909-20918 被引量:40
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.5b06444
摘要

This study demonstrates the full infiltration of gel polymer electrolyte into silicon-coated vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (Si-VACNFs), a high-capacity 3D nanostructured anode, and the electrochemical characterization of its properties as an effective electrolyte/separator for future all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. Two fabrication methods have been employed to form a stable interface between the gel polymer electrolyte and the Si-VACNF anode. In the first method, the drop-casted gel polymer electrolyte is able to fully infiltrate into the open space between the vertically aligned core–shell nanofibers and encapsulate/stabilize each individual nanofiber in the polymer matrix. The 3D nanostructured Si-VACNF anode shows a very high capacity of 3450 mAh g–1 at C/10.5 (or 0.36 A g–1) rate and 1732 mAh g–1 at 1C (or 3.8 A g–1) rate. In the second method, a preformed gel electrolyte film is sandwiched between an Si-VACNF electrode and a Li foil to form a half-cell. Most of the vertical core–shell nanofibers of the Si-VACNF anode are able to penetrate into the gel polymer film while retaining their structural integrity. The slightly lower capacity of 2800 mAh g–1 at C/11 rate and ∼1070 mAh g–1 at C/1.5 (or 2.6 A g–1) rate have been obtained, with almost no capacity fade for up to 100 cycles. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy does not show noticeable changes after 110 cycles, further revealing the stable interface between the gel polymer electrolyte and the Si-VACNFs anode. These results show that the infiltrated flexible gel polymer electrolyte can effectively accommodate the stress/strain of the Si shell due to the large volume expansion/contraction during the charge–discharge processes, which is particularly useful for developing future flexible solid-state lithium-ion batteries incorporating Si-anodes.
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