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Impact of 25 years of inorganic fertilization on diazotrophic abundance and community structure in an acidic soil in southern China

重氮 根际 农学 生物 肥料 人类受精 营养物 丰度(生态学) 人口 生态学 固氮 细菌 遗传学 社会学 人口学
作者
Wang Chao,Manman Zheng,Wenming Song,Shilin Wen,Boren Wang,Zhu C,Renfang Shen
出处
期刊:Soil Biology & Biochemistry [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:113: 240-249 被引量:171
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.06.019
摘要

Although diazotrophs are important in the nitrogen (N)-cycle and contribute to the pool of plant available N, the population response to long-term inorganic fertilization is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the diazotrophic populations in both the bulk and rhizosphere soils of maize grown in an acidic farmland soil that experienced 25 years of inorganic fertilization. The fertilization regimes included unfertilized control, N fertilizer alone, N fertilizer with quicklime, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilizers, N + P + K fertilizers, and N + P + K fertilizers with quicklime. Quantitative PCR and high-throughput pyrosequencing of the nifH gene were used to analyze diazotrophic abundance and community composition. All of the fertilizer treatments improved soil nutrient availability, but those without quicklime caused soil acidification. Maize biomasses and nifH copy numbers were significantly lower under N and N + P + K treatments but increased under P + K fertilization. Quicklime applications effectively alleviated the inhibitory effect of N input. Fertilization led to decreases in operational taxonomic unit richness and shifts in diazotrophic community composition. Soil pH and nutrient availability had a cooperative effect on diazotrophic abundance, while soil nutrient availability appeared to be the main factor shaping diazotrophic community structure. Rhizosphere effects increased the nifH gene copy number but did not obviously change the diazotrophic community composition on the current research scale. Overall, the long-term inorganic fertilization affected both diazotrophic abundance and community composition, and the fertilizer treatment had a greater influence than quicklime remediation or crop cultivation on community composition.
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