The impact of sex and anti-topoisomerase I antibodies in systemic sclerosis

The study of sex-based differences in people with systemic sclerosis has grown in the past decade. 1 Hughes M Pauling JD Armstrong-James L Denton CP Galdas P Flurey C Gender-related differences in systemic sclerosis. Autoimmun Rev. 2020; 19102494 Crossref PubMed Scopus (41) Google Scholar , 2 De Angelis R Giuggioli D Bajocchi G et al. Sex-related differences in systemic sclerosis: a multicenter cross-sectional study from the national registry of the Italian Society for rheumatology. J Rheumatol. 2022; 49: 176-185 Crossref PubMed Scopus (7) Google Scholar , 3 Freire M Rivera A Sopeña B et al. Clinical and epidemiological differences between men and women with systemic sclerosis: a study in a Spanish systemic sclerosis cohort and literature review. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2017; 35: 89-97 PubMed Google Scholar , 4 Elhai M Avouac J Walker UA et al. A gender gap in primary and secondary heart dysfunctions in systemic sclerosis: a EUSTAR prospective study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016; 75: 163-169 Crossref PubMed Scopus (80) Google Scholar , 5 Hussein H Lee P Chau C Johnson SR The effect of male sex on survival in systemic sclerosis. J Rheumatol. 2014; 41: 2193-2200 Crossref PubMed Scopus (45) Google Scholar Nevertheless, the genetic, biological, environmental, and socioeconomic factors driving these disparities and the resulting clinical implications have not been thoroughly investigated. Sex-specific risk of anti-topoisomerase antibodies on mortality and disease severity in systemic sclerosis: 10-year analysis of the Leiden CCISS and EUSTAR cohortsWe show that the association between male sex and increased mortality in systemic sclerosis cannot be explained by higher ATA prevalence. However, additional research on the effect of sex-specific characteristics on people with systemic sclerosis is required. Full-Text PDF