human monkeypox (hMPXV) re‐emergence: host immunity status and current vaccines landscape

Monkeypox virus is a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus and the Poxviridae family. Orthopoxviruses are among the most intricate animal viruses. The pathogenicity of human monkeypox infection has been emphasized in response to its recent emergence in non-endemic countries and the threat of bioterrorism. It is always necessary to take appropriate precautions in exposure to emerging or re-emerging infections. Here, we focus on the current state of the human monkeypox infection outbreak, research & development of immunity responses and clinical interventions to prevent and treat human monkeypox virus and other human poxviruses. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.