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The role of obesity in sarcopenia and the optimal body composition to prevent against sarcopenia and obesity

肌萎缩 生物电阻抗分析 肌萎缩性肥胖 医学 肥胖 瘦体质量 内科学 肥胖的分类 体质指数 优势比 风险因素 脂肪团 置信区间 肌肉团 体脂百分比 内分泌学 体重
作者
Chaoran Liu,Keith Yu-Kin Cheng,Xin Tong,Waiman Cheung,Stephanie Chow,Sheung Wai Law,Ronald Man Yeung Wong
出处
期刊:Frontiers in Endocrinology [Frontiers Media SA]
卷期号:14 被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2023.1077255
摘要

Elderly people with low lean and high fat mass, are diagnosed with sarcopenic obesity (SO), and often have poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed to explore the relationship between obesity and sarcopenia, and the optimal proportion of fat and muscle for old individuals.Participants aged 60 years or above were instructed to perform bioelectrical impedance analysis to obtain the muscle and fat indicators, and handgrip strength was also performed. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to predicted appendicular skeletal muscle mass and function. Body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) were used to define obesity. The association of muscle and fat indicators were analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Pearson Chi-Square test was utilized to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) on the risk of sarcopenia according to obesity status.1637 old subjects (74.8 ± 7.8 years) participated in this study. Not only fat mass, but also muscle indicators were positively correlated to BMI and body weight (p < 0.05). Absolute muscle and fat mass in different positions had positive associations (p < 0.05). Muscle mass and strength were negatively related to appendicular fat mass percentage (p < 0.05). When defined by BMI (OR = 0.69, 95% CI [0.56, 0.86]; p = 0.001), obesity was a protective factor for sarcopenia, whilst it was a risk factor when using BF% (OR = 1.38, 95% CI [1.13, 1.69]; p = 0.002) as the definition. The risk of sarcopenia reduced with the increase of BMI in both genders. It was increased with raised BF% in males but displayed a U-shaped curve for females. BF% 26.0-34.6% in old females and lower than 23.9% in old males are recommended for sarcopenia and obesity prevention.Skeletal muscle mass had strong positive relationship with absolute fat mass but negative associations with the percentage of appendicular fat mass. Obesity was a risk factor of sarcopenia when defined by BF% instead of BMI. The management of BF% can accurately help elderly people prevent against both sarcopenia and obesity.
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