听觉惊吓反射
摩洛反射
脑干
脉冲前抑制
神经科学
习惯化
反射
惊吓反应
钾通道
惊吓反应
基因剔除小鼠
内分泌学
内科学
心理学
生物
医学
受体
精神分裂症(面向对象编程)
精神科
作者
Baneen Maamrah,Krisztina Pocsai,Tsogbadrakh Bayasgalan,Andrea Csemer,Balázss Pál
出处
期刊:Neuroreport
[Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
日期:2023-02-06
卷期号:34 (4): 232-237
标识
DOI:10.1097/wnr.0000000000001883
摘要
The potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 4 (KCNQ4) subunit forms channels responsible for M-current, a muscarine-sensitive potassium current regulating neuronal excitability. In contrast to other KCNQ subunits, its expression is restricted to the cochlear outer hair cells, the auditory brainstem and other brainstem nuclei in a great overlap with structures involved in startle reflex. We aimed to show whether startle reflexis affected by the loss of KCNQ4 subunit and whether these alterations are similar to the ones caused by brainstem hyperexcitability. Young adult KCNQ4 knockout mice and wild-type littermates, as well as mice expressing hM3D chemogenetic actuator in the pontine caudal nucleus and neurons innervating it were used for testing acoustic startle. The acoustic startle reflex was significantly increased in knockout mice compared with wild-type littermates. When mice expressing human M3 muscarinic (hM3D) in nuclei related to startle reflex were tested, a similar increase of the first acoustic startle amplitude and a strong habituation of the further responses was demonstrated. We found that the acoustic startle reflex is exaggerated and minimal habituation occurs in KCNQ4 knockout animals. These changes are distinct from the effects of the hyperexcitability of nuclei involved in startle. One can conclude that the exaggerated startle reflex found with the KCNQ4 subunit deletion is the consequence of both the cochlear damage and the changes in neuronal excitability of startle networks.
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