星形胶质细胞
神经科学
生物
电池类型
背景(考古学)
阿尔茨海默病
神经退行性变
信号转导
老年斑
中枢神经系统
疾病
细胞
细胞生物学
医学
病理
遗传学
古生物学
作者
Hongwei Qin,Lianna Zhou,Faris T. Haque,Cynthia Martín-Jiménez,Amy Trang,Etty Benveniste,Qin Wang
摘要
Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects various brain cell types, including astrocytes, which are the most abundant cell types in the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes not only provide homeostatic support to neurons but also actively regulate synaptic signaling and functions and become reactive in response to CNS insults through diverse signaling pathways including the JAK/STAT, NF‐κB, and GPCR‐elicited pathways. The advent of new technology for transcriptomic profiling at the single‐cell level has led to increasing recognition of the highly versatile nature of reactive astrocytes and the context‐dependent specificity of astrocyte reactivity. In AD, reactive astrocytes have long been observed in senile plaques and have recently been suggested to play a role in AD pathogenesis and progression. However, the precise contributions of reactive astrocytes to AD remain elusive, and targeting this complex cell population for AD treatment poses significant challenges. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of astrocyte reactivity and its role in AD, with a particular focus on the signaling pathways that promote astrocyte reactivity and the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes. Furthermore, we explore potential implications for the development of therapeutics for AD. Our objective is to shed light on the complex involvement of astrocytes in AD and offer insights into potential therapeutic targets and strategies for treating and managing this devastating neurodegenerative disorder.
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