医学
拉米夫定
传输(电信)
恩曲他滨
乙型肝炎病毒
乙型肝炎
预期寿命
接种疫苗
免疫学
儿科
病毒学
环境卫生
病毒
人口
电气工程
工程类
作者
Grace Lui,Grace Lai‐Hung Wong,Hung‐Chih Yang,Wang‐Huei Sheng,Sun Hee Lee
出处
期刊:Hiv Medicine
[Wiley]
日期:2023-09-21
卷期号:24 (10): 1035-1044
被引量:1
摘要
Abstract Background The prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co‐infection is higher in Asia than in Europe and North America and varies significantly between different regions within Asia. Important routes of transmission of both these infections include high‐risk unprotected sexual contact, intravenous drug use, and transmission of maternal infection perinatally or in early childhood. While life expectancy among people living with HIV has been extended with effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), HBV‐induced liver injury and complications have emerged as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV. Objectives This article describes the prevalence of co‐infection, current clinical practice, and recommendations for the management of people living with HIV‐HBV co‐infection in Asia. Results and Conclusions Screening for HBV should occur at the time of HIV diagnosis; however, HBV screening rates in people living with HIV in Asia vary widely by region. Similarly, people with HBV should be screened for HIV before initiation of HBV antiviral therapy. People with HIV‐HBV co‐infection should be assessed for liver damage and risk factors for liver disease and be monitored regularly for liver complications and HBV DNA. Medical treatment with ART is lifelong and includes tenofovir and lamivudine or emtricitabine, unless intolerant or contraindicated, as these are active against both HIV and HBV. HBV vaccination programmes are effective in reducing co‐infection rates. Mother‐to‐child transmission can be prevented through measures such as vaccination, antenatal screening, and treatment of pregnant women who are infected.
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