材料科学
纳米
石英晶体微天平
离子
电解质
纳米技术
纳米流体学
纳米材料
电化学
分子动力学
离子运输机
超级电容器
化学物理
电极
化学
计算化学
物理化学
复合材料
有机化学
吸附
作者
Zheng Bo,Zhesong Huang,Zhouwei Zheng,Yu‐Cheng Chen,Jianhua Yan,Kefa Cen,Huachao Yang,Kostya Ostrikov
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ensm.2023.102797
摘要
Layered two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are highly promising for boosting energy density of supercapacitors for industrial translation, however their rate performances are limited by the intrinsically sluggish ion transport within sub-nanochannels. Herein, we elaborate and prove a novel concept of electrostatic-repulsion-enabled ionophobic and hydrogen-bonding-enabled hydrophilic surface to substantially enhance ion transport and charging dynamics in sub-nanochannels. The concept is experimentally and theoretically developed through constructing less negatively-charged (-OH terminated) MXene nanochannels and molecular dynamics (MD) studies of electrolyte dynamics in MXene nanochannels with different functional groups, revealing that -OH terminations enable hydrophilic but ionophobic features for unimpeded ion transport. The ion transport mechanisms during the negative charge are further revealed by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance tests. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that hydrophilic but ionophobic sub-nanochannels feature drastically reduced ion diffusion resistance (by 90%) and significantly-improved rate performance (from 20.4% to 78.4% at 50 A g–1). The universality of this sub-nanochannel engineering concept is validated in acid electrolyte and composite materials, making it potentially applicable across diverse areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
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