Robust anti-icing slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces inspired by nature: A review

Inspired by the extremely low contact angle hysteresis and excellent hydrophobic and self-lubricating properties of Nepenthes, many researchers have designed slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces by combining the advantages of superhydrophobic surfaces with anti-icing strategies. Compared with superhydrophobic surfaces, SLIPS turns the phase change interface between gas and liquid phases into a liquid-liquid phase interface, thus greatly improving the liquid pressure stability of anti-icing surfaces, extending the service life of anti-icing surfaces and attracting widespread attention. SLIPS enhances the anti-icing effect and is able to replace SHS as the new anti-icing material. There are many discussions on the anti-icing performance of SHS or SLIPS, but there are few discussions on the two surfaces for the anti-icing mechanism, so this review analyzes and compares the wetting theory of SLIPS and SHS. Several important stages in the icing process that can block or retard icing are summarized, focusing on the influence of self-propulsion and bouncing motion of liquid droplets to the anti-icing performance. Follow the principle of delaying before freezing and removing with after freezing. However, at this stage SLIPS still has some shortcomings, the most important being lubricant consumption, followed by low efficiency of self-healing. In order to overcome the above key problems, this paper describes the preparation and characterization of SLIPS in recent years, as well as their respective excellent properties and provides an outlook on future research directions.