DNA Supramolecular Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

Hydrogels are high-water-retainable materials with three-dimensional polymeric networks. DNA supramolecular hydrogels are cross-linked by DNA assemblies, which endow them with advantages including programmable constructions, easy modification, enzyme responsiveness, and injectability. This chapter summarizes the classification and formation strategy of DNA supramolecular hydrogels. According to the composition, DNA supramolecular hydrogels can be basically divided into two categories: pure DNA supramolecular hydrogels, which are made entirely of DNA; hybrid DNA hydrogels, which are cross-linked by DNA strands in polymers or nanomaterials. The chapter discusses the biomedical applications of DNA supramolecular hydrogels, including bioanalysis, drug delivery, immunotherapy, cell culture, and tissue engineering. Compared with the covalent hydrogels, physical interactions bring DNA supramolecular hydrogels dynamic characteristics including self-healing, shear shinning, and rapid thixotropic properties. The sequence of DNA is tunable and can be easily functionalized; thus, the mechanical strength and responsiveness of hydrogels can be adjusted.