Catalyst Activation of Peroxymonosulfate for Reactive Species Generation and Organic Pollutant Degradation: A Mini Review

This review focuses on the application and mechanisms of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). It clarifies the significance of PMS in degrading organic pollutants, highlighting its high efficiency in treating persistent contaminants, such as antibiotics. The review details the roles and mechanisms of various catalysts, including single-atom catalysts, metal oxides, non-metal oxides and their composites, as well as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), in activating PMS. It emphasizes the influence of catalyst surface active sites on both radical and nonradical activation pathways. Key factors affecting PMS activation efficiency, such as PMS concentration, pH value, coexisting ions, and temperature, are examined to underline the importance of optimizing these parameters for effective reaction conditions. By synthesizing existing research, the review not only illustrates the extensive application potential of PMS in AOPs but also identifies future research challenges and directions. This provides a theoretical foundation and technical support for developing efficient, economical, and sustainable water treatment technologies.