A membrane-based optical fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor for health monitoring of pile foundation

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) pressure sensor is proposed, designed, and fabricated for lateral earth pressure sensing, in which the FBG sensor is mounted on a 3D printed trestle structure combined with a membrane. The applied pressure can cause a deformation on the membrane, and then this deformation applied on the trestle structure causes tensile strain on the FBG. The proposed sensor is functionalized as a high-sensitive pressure transducer capable of converting the pressure into strain on the FBG. Here, the performance of the proposed sensor is numerically and experimentally investigated. The results show that the pressure sensitivity at 30°C is 10.62 pm/kPa within a range of 0–0.6 MPa. Due to the thermal expansion of the structure, the pressure sensitivity coefficient decreases with the increase of temperature; however, the cross effect between the temperature and strain on the sensing sensitivity is investigated and can be eliminated. The fabricated sensor has advantages of high sensitivity, good stability, and high pressure resolution, so it has potential in the field of structural health monitoring.