Off-Axis X-Ray Vortex Beam Ptychography

Structured light has sparked interest by introducing a parameter to adjust light–matter interactions in photonics applications. While phase structures applied to their wavefronts enable functional imaging probes, their application in X-ray microscopy has been limited due to their complex configuration. Here, we present X-ray vortex beam ptychography using an off-axis spiral zone plate, showcasing quantitative nanoscale imaging with straightforward manipulation of the phase structure. The simple experimental setup enhances adaptability to most light sources. This coherent X-ray microscopy, capable of resolving nontrivial topological states with additional phase structures of light, is poised to advance photonics research by leveraging topological features.