Label-Free Single-Molecule Electrical Sensor for Ultrasensitive and Selective Detection of Iodide Ions in Human Urine

Herein, a label-free single-molecule electrical sensor was first proposed for the ultrasensitive and selective detection of iodide ions in human urine. Single-molecule conductance measurements in different halogen ion solutions via scanning tunneling microscopy break junction (STM-BJ) clearly revealed that I