生物
胞吐
分泌物
微泡
细胞生物学
分泌泡
背景(考古学)
生物发生
分泌蛋白
星形胶质细胞
分泌途径
中枢神经系统
神经科学
生物化学
内质网
高尔基体
小RNA
基因
古生物学
作者
Alexei Verkhratsky,Michela Matteoli,Vladimir Parpura,Jean‐Pierre Mothet,Robert Zorec
标识
DOI:10.15252/embj.201592705
摘要
Abstract Astrocytes are housekeepers of the central nervous system ( CNS ) and are important for CNS development, homeostasis and defence. They communicate with neurones and other glial cells through the release of signalling molecules. Astrocytes secrete a wide array of classic neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and hormones, as well as metabolic, trophic and plastic factors, all of which contribute to the gliocrine system. The release of neuroactive substances from astrocytes occurs through several distinct pathways that include diffusion through plasmalemmal channels, translocation by multiple transporters and regulated exocytosis. As in other eukaryotic cells, exocytotic secretion from astrocytes involves divergent secretory organelles (synaptic‐like microvesicles, dense‐core vesicles, lysosomes, exosomes and ectosomes), which differ in size, origin, cargo, membrane composition, dynamics and functions. In this review, we summarize the features and functions of secretory organelles in astrocytes. We focus on the biogenesis and trafficking of secretory organelles and on the regulation of the exocytotic secretory system in the context of healthy and diseased astrocytes.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI