法尼甾体X受体
肝X受体
核受体
内科学
内分泌学
受体
生物
胆固醇
脂质代谢
甘油三酯
内分泌系统
免疫系统
医学
生物化学
激素
免疫学
转录因子
基因
作者
Nada Y. Kalaany,David J. Mangelsdorf
出处
期刊:Annual Review of Physiology
[Annual Reviews]
日期:2006-01-01
卷期号:68 (1): 159-191
被引量:537
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev.physiol.68.033104.152158
摘要
Liver X receptors (LXRs) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) are nuclear receptors that function as intracellular sensors for sterols and bile acids, respectively. In response to their ligands, these receptors induce transcriptional responses that maintain a balanced, finely tuned regulation of cholesterol and bile acid metabolism. LXRs also permit the efficient storage of carbohydrate- and fat-derived energy, whereas FXR activation results in an overall decrease in triglyceride levels and modulation of glucose metabolism. The elegant, dual interplay between these two receptor systems suggests that they coevolved to constitute a highly sensitive and efficient system for the maintenance of total body fat and cholesterol homeostasis. Emerging evidence suggests that the tissue-specific action of these receptors is also crucial for the proper function of the cardiovascular, immune, reproductive, endocrine pancreas, renal, and central nervous systems. Together, LXRs and FXR represent potential therapeutic targets for the treatment and prevention of numerous metabolic and lipid-related diseases.
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