材料科学
聚丙烯
复合材料
石油化工
聚乳酸
可再生资源
艾氏冲击强度试验
极限抗拉强度
聚酯纤维
可生物降解聚合物
热塑性塑料
可再生能源
生物塑料
原材料
热塑性弹性体
聚合物
废物管理
化学
电气工程
有机化学
工程类
共聚物
作者
V. Sangeetha,Harekrishna Deka,T. O. Varghese,S. K. Nayak
摘要
The finite availability of petroleum and environmental considerations has given emphasis on the development of raw materials for polymers from renewable resources. Polymers from renewable resources are expected to gain great momentum nowadays as petroleum resources become less secure. The use of biopolymer blends and composites can bring out a revolution in the field of automobile, pharmaceutical, packaging industry, etc. Poly(lactic acid) or polylactide (PLA) is the most extensively researched and utilized biodegradable and renewable thermoplastic polyester, with a potential to replace conventional petrochemical‐based polymers. Besides its relatively high tensile strength and modulus compared to other thermoplastics such as polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, the low impact strength and less heat tolerance of the material makes it inadequate for more demanding applications. It is the most promising material for the production of environment friendly high performance products. It is proven to be superior to conventional plastics in terms of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission in life cycle analysis. The general purpose of this review is to introduce PLA, a compostable, biodegradable thermoplastic made from renewable sources and their blends. In the first part of this review, we briefly discuss the advantages, limitations, production methods of PLA. The second part, the major objective of this paper, focuses on the various toughening modification of PLA and also about PLA based green composites using natural fibers and agricultural residues. It also highlights the major research progress and strategies applied to improve the brittleness of polylactic acid. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:81–101, 2018. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers
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