Treatment targets for M2 microglia polarization in ischemic stroke

小胶质细胞 神经保护 神经科学 冲程(发动机) 医学 炎症 免疫系统 疾病 中枢神经系统 免疫学 生物 内科学 机械工程 工程类
作者
Ji Wang,Hongyi Xing,Lin Wan,Xingjun Jiang,Chen wang,Yan Wu
出处
期刊:Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy [Elsevier]
卷期号:105: 518-525 被引量:174
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.143
摘要

As the first line of defense in the nervous system, resident microglia are the predominant immune cells in the brain. In diseases of the central nervous system such as stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease, they often cause inflammation or phagocytosis; however, some studies have found that despite the current controversy over M1, M2 polarization could be beneficial. Ischemic stroke is the third most common cause of death in humans. Patients who survive an ischemic stroke might experience a clear decline in their quality of life, owing to conditions such as hemiplegic paralysis and aphasia. After stroke, the activated microglia become a double-edged sword, with distinct phenotypic changes to the deleterious M1 and neuroprotective M2 types. Therefore, methods for promoting the differentiation of microglia into the M2 polarized form to alleviate harmful reactions after stroke have become a topic of interest in recent years. Subsequently, the discovery of new drugs related to M2 polarization has enabled the realization of targeted therapies. In the present review, we discussed the neuroprotective effects of microglia M2 polarization and the potential mechanisms and drugs by which microglia can be transformed into the M2 polarized type after stroke.
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