驯化
生物
有效人口规模
选择(遗传算法)
人口
人口瓶颈
群体基因组学
遗传多样性
否定选择
遗传漂变
人口规模
人口历史
进化生物学
基因组
遗传变异
基因组学
遗传学
等位基因
人口学
基因
微卫星
人工智能
社会学
计算机科学
作者
Timothy Beissinger,Li Wang,Kate Crosby,Arun Durvasula,Matthew B. Hufford,Jeffrey Ross‐Ibarra
出处
期刊:Nature plants
[Nature Portfolio]
日期:2016-06-13
卷期号:2 (7)
被引量:115
标识
DOI:10.1038/nplants.2016.84
摘要
Genetic diversity is shaped by the interaction of drift and selection, but the details of this interaction are not well understood. The impact of genetic drift in a population is largely determined by its demographic history, typically summarized by its long-term effective population size (Ne). Rapidly changing population demographics complicate this relationship, however. To better understand how changing demography impacts selection, we used whole-genome sequencing data to investigate patterns of linked selection in domesticated and wild maize (teosinte). We produce the first whole-genome estimate of the demography of maize domestication, showing that maize was reduced to approximately 5% the population size of teosinte before it experienced rapid expansion post-domestication to population sizes much larger than its ancestor. Evaluation of patterns of nucleotide diversity in and near genes shows little evidence of selection on beneficial amino acid substitutions, and that the domestication bottleneck led to a decline in the efficiency of purifying selection in maize. Young alleles, however, show evidence of much stronger purifying selection in maize, reflecting the much larger effective size of present day populations. Our results demonstrate that recent demographic change—a hall-mark of many species including both humans and crops—can have immediate and wide-ranging impacts on diversity that conflict with expectations based on long-term Ne alone. A study using population genomic data of domesticated and wild maize shows that purifying selection plays a major role in shaping maize diversity, and the efficacy of purifying selection increased following post-domestication population expansion.
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