Nonsurgical Methods for Penile Augmentation: A Systematic Review

BACKGROUND There is no standardized approach for nonsurgical techniques for penile augmentation despite the increase of demand for this intervention. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety between different injection techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS On October 8, 2019, a literature search was performed on PubMed, Embase, Ovid, and Cochrane database. All articles describing penile augmentation were included. RESULTS Thirteen studies were included in this article with a total of 1,311 patients. Five studies were prospective cohort. The most commonly described technique was hyaluronic acid fillers with a total of 4 articles and 205 patients. The mean injected volume ranged from 20 to 40 mL. In all included studies, a minority of patients had side effects, but some had disabling complications. CONCLUSION There are no defined clinical guidelines for penile augmentation techniques implemented yet. Hyaluronic acid seems to be safe, efficient, and with a high satisfaction score. Further randomized control trials are warranted. EBM (LEVEL OF EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE) 2a.