Distribution of sapogenins in morphological Medicago sativa L. parts: Comparison of various extraction techniques

皂甙元 浸渍(污水) 化学 色谱法 萃取(化学) 苜蓿 甲醇 超临界流体萃取 水解 溶剂 植物 有机化学 材料科学 生物 病理 复合材料 医学 替代医学
作者
Anna Kiełbasa,Aneta Krakowska-Sieprawska,Tomasz Kowalkowski,Katarzyna Rafińska,Bogusław Buszewski
出处
期刊:Journal of Separation Science [Wiley]
卷期号:43 (3): 671-680 被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1002/jssc.201900964
摘要

Abstract Saponins in plant extracts were indirectly determined by estimation of the content of sapogenins. The first step of determination is extraction with high efficiency. One conventional extraction technique (maceration) and two modern ones (accelerated solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction) were compared. Methanol and ethanol were used as solvents or co‐solvents. The results were supported by statistical analysis. Saponins were extracted from leaves, roots, and sprouts of Medicago sativa . Acid hydrolysis, purification, and determination by high‐performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detector were used. The content of sapogenins was the highest in the roots. Smaller amounts of sapogenins were found in sprouts and the smallest ones in leaves. The main ingredient was medicagenic acid with mean concentration of 621.8 µg/g in roots, 456.7 µg/g in sprouts, and 471.3 µg/g in leaf extract. The highest content of sapogenins in extract was obtained after maceration with methanol; however, this method is nonselective in relation to biologically active compounds. Due to the possibility of using the obtained extracts with sapogenins in the cosmetic or pharmaceutical industry, the selection of extraction techniques and solvents is a very important aspect. Additionally, the chosen technique should be considered eco‐friendly and consistent with the assumptions of “green chemistry.”
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