发病机制
免疫系统
肾病
免疫学
糖基化
抗体
聚糖
肾小球肾炎
系膜
生物
肾
糖蛋白
生物化学
内分泌学
糖尿病
作者
Jan Novák,Bruce A. Julian,Milan Tomana,Jiří Městecký
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.10.009
摘要
Circulating immune complexes containing aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). A portion of IgA1 secreted by IgA1-producing cells in patients with IgAN is galactose-deficient and consequently recognized by anti-glycan IgG or IgA1 antibodies. Some of the resultant immune complexes in the circulation escape normal clearance mechanisms, deposit in the renal mesangium, and induce glomerular injury. Recent studies of the origin of these aberrant molecules, their glycosylation profiles, and mechanisms of biosynthesis have provided new insight into the autoimmune nature of the pathogenesis of this common renal disease. An imbalance in the activities of the pertinent glycosyltransferases in the IgA1-producing cells favors production of molecules with galactose-deficient O-linked glycans at specific sites in the hinge region of the α heavy chains. By using sophisticated analytic methods, it may be possible to define biomarkers for diagnostic purposes and identify new therapeutic targets for a future disease-specific therapy.
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